Bash Array Maximal Adjacement Difference
array_maximal_adjacent_difference() {
    local -n _a="$1"
    local _dif=0 _i _c=${#_a[@]}
    for ((_i = 1; _i < _c - 1; _i++)); do
        local _d1=$(( _a[_i] - _a[_i-1] )); (( _d1 < 0 )) && _d1=$(( -_d1 ))
        local _d2=$(( _a[_i] - _a[_i+1] )); (( _d2 < 0 )) && _d2=$(( -_d2 ))
        (( _d1 > _dif )) && _dif=$_d1
        (( _d2 > _dif )) && _dif=$_d2
    done
    echo "$_dif"
}

This checks the gap between each pair of neighbors and returns the largest difference.