Bash Ladder
ladder() {
    local -n _aArr="$1"
    local -n _bArr="$2"
    local -n _outArr="$3"
    local _size=${#_aArr[@]}
    local _maxB
    _maxB=$(printf '%s\n' "${_bArr[@]}" | sort -n | tail -1)
    local _mod=$(( (1 << _maxB) - 1 ))
    local _limitA
    _limitA=$(printf '%s\n' "${_aArr[@]}" | sort -n | tail -1)
    local -a _fib=(0 1)
    local _i
    for ((_i = 2; _i < _limitA + 2; _i++)); do
        _fib[_i]=$(( (_fib[_i-1] + _fib[_i-2]) & _mod ))
    done
    _outArr=()
    for ((_i = 0; _i < _size; _i++)); do
        _outArr[_i]=$(( _fib[_aArr[_i]+1] & ((1 << _bArr[_i]) - 1) ))
    done
}

This precomputes climb counts once and applies the modulo per query, which avoids recalculating the same paths over and over.